Uri’s blog

We are working on developing Speedy Net and Speedy Composer. We expect both websites to be available soon.

I’m looking for PHP & Javascript programmers for Speedy Net. I want to create a new social networking website which will be free for people of all ages. It will be an alternative to Facebook and Google+. I can’t afford paying salaries, but I promise a share in the company. If you are interested, please contact me by email.

I’m also working on developing Speedy Composer - an automatic software that will compose melodies. This project will be in Java, PHP, MATLAB and Octave. If you are interested in joining this project, please contact me by email as well.

I moved my blog’s URL to http://www.speedysoftware.com/uri/blog/ , and Speedy Composer to http://www.speedysoftware.com/composer/ . I decided to use .com instead of .net, and Speedy Software instead of Speedysoft.

I’m very sad to hear about Steve Jobs’s death. I put a line on my websites:

http://www.speedysoftware.com/

http://www.speedywhois.com/

Mark Zuckerberg: I heard that you killed animals for meat. Why don’t you become vegan? Killing animals is cruel and immoral. It’s much better for your health, Earth and animals to be vegan!

I recommend taking the vegan pledge on http://evolvecampaigns.org.uk/ - you receive free ebooks that helps you become vegan. Especially I recommend the book “Street Smart Vegan” - it’s very good.

I didn’t pass round 2 in Facebook hacker cup. I couldn’t solve any of the three questions. I had a solution for one of the questions, but it was too slow. I didn’t have a fast solution.

Yesterday I participated in Facebook Hacker Cup. I solved one question (Wine Tasting), and I think I passed.

I moved my blog’s URL to http://www.speedysoft.net/uri/blog/ , and Speedy Composer to http://www.speedysoft.net/composer/ .  Since I’m going to build a new website for www.speedy.net , the new website will be on a new server.  So I had to move the existing websites to another domain.

I created twitter account @speedydotnet (username @speedynet is already taken). www.speedy.net is under construction.

I’m tweeting on twitter: http://twitter.com/urievenchen

Source code for chess queens: http://sourceforge.net/projects/chessqueens/

Check out my chess queens application: http://chessqueens.sourceforge.net/

There are 14,200 ways to place 12 queens on a 12×12 chess board, and Google Chrome is the fastest browser to calculate it. If you check the number of ways to place 16 queens or rooks on a 16×16 chess board, with a minimum distance of 4 - there are only 2 ways to do this. Each of them is symmetric.

There are 92 ways to place 8 queens on a 8×8 chess board, without any queen attacking each other. The complete list of solutions is found on Wikipedia.

Unfortunately, my blog comments feature has been used by spammers to spam. Servage disabled the comments table, so I closed all posts for comments. If you want to comment, please contact me by email or facebook.

Yesterday we went to see what’s left from the forests of the Carmel. We saw many green trees, but also trees burned completely to the roots and partially burned trees. There were beautiful flowers, only about one week old, growing from the ground. There is smell of ashes all over the place. We wanted to see Beit Oren, but it’s not open for visitors. But we saw some of the burned houses. On the one hand it’s sad, but on the other hand I think the forest will grow again, and we should let nature do it naturally.

How many roots has Google? I mean integer roots. Some numbers have roots, some not. I think Google has many roots probably. he’s a big number. Probably as many roots as the number One Hundred has divisors. Don’t you think?

Actually One Hundred is Ten time Ten which means primes Two and Five twice. He should have Nine divisors since Three time Three is Nine.
(Three options: each prime should appear either Zero or One or Two times).

Let me check….

One is a divisor –> Ten is a root. [Ten^{One Hundred} is Google]
Two is a divisor –> One Hundred is a root. [One Hundred^Fifty is Google]
Four is a divisor –> Ten Thousand is a root. [Ten Thousand^{Twenty Five} is Google]
Five is a divisor –> One Hundred Thousand is a root. [One Hundred Thousand^Twenty is Google]
Ten is a divisor –> Ten Billion is a root. [Ten Billion^Ten is Google]
Twenty is a divisor –> One Hundred Million Trillion is a root. [One Hundred Million Trillion^Five is Google]
Twenty Five is a divisor –> Ten Trillion Trillion is a root. [Ten Trillion Trillion^Four is Google]
Fifty is a divisor –> One Hundred Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion is a root. [One Hundred Trillion Trillion Trillion Trillion^Two is Google]

Oh wait… is One Hundred a divisor of itself? Well if so, Google’s probably a root of itself too. But if not including Google itself, Google has Eight different roots if I’m correct. But how many roots does Googleplex have?

Well of course Googleplex (like any exponent of Ten) actually has only Two prime divisors - Two and Five. Googleplex is actually Google times Two multiplied by Google times Five. So it seems to me he has (Google plus One) times (Google plus One) roots minus One, not including himself. Actually all roots of Google are probably roots of Googleplex too. Since Google is probably a root of Googleplex too. Is he? Let me think. I think he is. One Hundred is a divisor of Google so he is probably a root of Googleplex too. But not all divisors of Google are also Googleplex’s roots. I think only those who have the same number of Two and Five as prime divisors - only those who are exponents of Ten. But not all of them - only those who divide Google - for example One Thousand is not. One Thousand is Three times Ten (Ten^Three), but Three is not a divisor of Google. Only those divisors of Google who are exponents of Ten and their exponent of Ten is a divisor of Google - They are real Googleplex roots.

So lets name them (do they already have names? maybe. but lets name them again):

Ten
One Hundred // Ten^Two
Ten Thousand // Ten^Four
One Hundred Thousand // Ten^Five
Ten Billion // Ten^Ten
One Hundred Million Trillion // Ten^Twenty
Gillion // Ten Trillion Trillion // Ten^{Twenty Five}
<!– all *illion are small numbers; *oo?le are big –>
Goodle // Gillion Gillion // Ten^Fifty
Google // Goodle Goodle // Ten^{One Hundred} // It’s a lovely name - don’t let them give him a bad name…
Doogle // Google Google // Ten^{Two Hundred}
Toogle // Ten^{Two Hundred and Fifty}
Boodle // Ten^{Five Hundred}
Noodle // Ten^{One Thousand}
Noogle // Ten^{Two Thousand}
Nooble // Ten^{Two Thousand Five Hundred}
Nootle // Ten^{Five Thousand}
Tootle // Ten^{Ten Thousand}
Toople // Ten^{Twenty Thousand}
Tooshle // Ten^{Twenty Five Thousand}
Toorle // Ten^{Fifty Thousand}
Toorrle // Ten^{One Hundred Thousand}
Toorrrle // Ten^{Two Hundred Thousand}
Toorrrrle // Ten^{Five Hundred Thousand}
Tooggle // Ten^{One Million}
Toogggle // Ten^{Two Million}
Tooggggle // Ten^{Five Million}
Toottle // Ten^{Ten Million}
Tootttle // Ten^{Twenty Million}
Toozzle // Ten^{Twenty Five Million}

……. // sorry no time to name them all now….

Zoozzle // Ten^Goodle
Poodle // Ten^Google a.k.a. “Googleplex”

Poodle sounds much better. And by the way if you make a mistake with calculations you can always say it’s just a spelling mistake…

Give them names my friends. Pass to your friends and give more names. Create a wiki or something, and send me the best names. I’ll add them here, you can add <!– comments –>too. But remember it’s copyleft, you know the rules, anything can be modified and changed. No name is forever, no comment, no remove. Whatever you change can be undone by others. But since Wikipedia’s boycotting me, I’ll do it elsewhere. Who needs them anyway? For me everything is copyleft GPL. Send me new names my friends, and send to your friends. I will put them here. Or maybe move to another post, I don’t know. But please don’t call it Googleplex, I hate the name. Call it Poodle, or give it your own name. It’s too long a name for such a nice number, don’t you think? And by the way there are bigger numbers than that…

Pooddle // Ten^Doogle
Pootle // Ten^Toogle

<!– to be continued… –>

I love numbers….

I told some people about my assumption that the speed of light is not constant, and one of them agreed that it might not always be constant for quantum particles, but the average speed of light in empty space is constant. But my question is - what is empty space? Can complete empty space really exist? Does quantum mechanics allow it? And if not - do all areas of space have the same level of emptiness? Do they all have the same average level of emptiness? Does the level of emptiness remain constant in time?

It appears to me that the level of emptiness (and the average level of emptiness) of space cannot be constant for all spaces in all times. Einstein’s relativity says that if one travels close to the speed of light, space shrinks in one direction. Since I assume complete empty space is not possible, at least not on the macroscopic level, at least not in this part of the world, then it appears to me that when space shrinks, the level of emptiness changes too, and the speed of light will not be the same as before?

What happens when one travels very close to the speed of light? Is it really possible to travel 20 million light years in less than one second? If someone travels that fast, how will it affect the speed of light? Space will definitely shrink, become more condensed, and we know that the speed of light in water is slower. Will he see the speed of light as a different speed in different directions? Will the speed of light in his direction become slower for him? And how will this affect Einstein’s formulas, such as E = mc²? Will they be affected too?

And what happens when galaxies drift away from each other? Is more space created between them? Is it emptier than before, or are new quantum particles created too? It appears to me that our perception of space and time are created by our definition of entropy, which is the level of uncertainty of what we know and don’t know. Is the average speed of light constant by definition, or can it be affected too? Can one be at more than one places in space at the same time? Can simultaneous events happen? Is it possible to change the past, go back and choose another future? I really don’t know.

Michelson and Morley didn’t check this. The speed of Earth is much lower than the speed of light as we perceive it, space seems to have the same level of emptiness in any direction. The speed of light, as they perceived it, was almost constant. Einstein concluded there is no aether. But Einstein believed in determinism. He didn’t like to think about God playing dice. Since determinism leads to a contradiction, Einstein’s relativity is not fully consistent. His conclusion may appear to contradict itself. Aether may appear to exist.

The Largest Known Primes website claims that the number 2^32582657-1 is the largest known prime number. How can this number be the largest known prime number? Is the next prime number after 2^32582657-1 not a prime? Is it not a number? Is it not known? Can’t it be calculated? I can write a simple algorithm that will print the first n prime numbers for every n. Are there not enough prime numbers? Are they not infinite? Is the term “the largest known prime number” well defined? Is it a number? Is it real? Does it have a factorial? Can’t its factorial be substracted by one? Can’t the result be factorized into prime factors? And if it can, is the largest prime factor not larger than “the largest known prime number”? Is it not known?

The answer to the question “is 2^32582657-1 the largest known prime number?” depends on who’s asking and who’s answering the question. If you’re asking me, 2^32582657-1 is definitely not the largest known prime. If it is a prime, and I’m not sure it is, then a larger prime can also be calculated. Therefore, it is already known. Or at least, it is not unknown. Maybe it’s just another example of an unknown unknown. In any case, the answer to this question is not deterministic.

It appears to me that any language, whether human language, mathematical language or computer language, contains ambiguities, paradoxes and vague definitions. No language is both deterministic and fully consistent. If a language is inconsistent, then in what sense can it be deterministic? Which leads me to the conclusion that determinism doesn’t exist even in theory. With any given number, there is some uncertainty whether it is or is not a prime.

What happens when a photon moves from one place to another, for example in the double-slit experiment? It seems that the universe splits to two separate universes (or more generally speaking, to an infinite number of universes), each of them contains one possible option, and then merges again into one universe. When a universe splits, each universe will contain a photon who will remember its past but will not be aware of the other photons in the other universes. When universes merge, the photon will remember a combination of pasts and not only one past. Universes split and merge all the time. In areas of spacetime where there are more splits than merges, spacetime and entropy increase in time. In areas of spacetime where there are more merges than splits, spacetime and entropy decrease (and time goes “backwards”).

For any two given events in spacetime, the question whether one of them happened before the other one doesn’t have a deterministic answer - it depends who you’re asking. Deterministic logic proves itself to be inconsistent, so I will use nondeterministic logic, which can be seen as probabilistic logic too. Any two events in spacetime in any two universes can merge and become one universe, no matter how far they seem to us according to our imperfect logic. Illogical things appear to exist as well (of course, it depends how we define “illogical”). The speed of light is not constant, and therefore can be any speed. Light can go forward in time, or backward, or be at two places simultaneously.

Spacetime and entropy are just illusions. Imperfect assumptions. Everything can happen, and everything does. The number of universes is infinite. It is not a number, it’s a perception. All the universes can be interconnected sometimes, sometimes not. Other galaxies might be our galaxy from different angles or in the past or more generally speaking in different areas of spacetime. It’s like entering a room full of mirrors, and see infinite images of yourself from different angles. You can’t look too far, because light fades and some images are hiding other, more distant images.

Spacetime and entropy are how we perceive reality. We define “past” as the direction where there is more order, according to our perception, and therefore we can “remember” things in the past. The future is things we don’t remember, we don’t know for sure. But we can still make assumptions, and if we look at the past, we will see that some past assumptions appear to be true (according to our imperfect logic). There is no one past and one future, the number one (or any number) as a constant number doesn’t exist. The numbers of pasts and futures change all the time. In the future we will find out that some of our assumptions were true, some not, or actually - we will find out that any assumption is true or not.

The concept of “I”, as a single entity, doesn’t exist. There is no one “I” in the past, nor in the present, nor in the future too. There are infinitely many of them. If I met you tomorrow and then meet you again today, neither you nor I are the same people. We share some memories, some memories we don’t. But since we live in an area of spacetime where entropy appears to increase in time (that’s how we define time) and spacetime doesn’t shrink or expand too quickly, we find out that most of the time deterministic logic works well. Contradictions appear to be rare, although they do exist. Some people say they saw things which appear to be illogical. Nothing is illogical. Everything is possible in nondeterministic logic. Everything can exist.

Space, time and the speed of light are created by the entropy assumption - the assumption that particles are separate entities and therefore interact with each other in a probabilistic way. Their decisions are assumed to be independent, and this is true most of the time. But if two events in space are connected and occur at the same time (according to our definition of space and time), the speed of light between them can be infinite. When this happens, entropy decreases and we go backward in time.

Actually, the direction we go in time is not “forward” or “backward” but the number of directions is infinite. There are no roads not taken - we take all roads. When an object travels in spacetime, his time goes in a different direction than ours. Since nothing is deterministic, when he comes back he might remember things we do not. He might even see us in future - one of the futures - but there are many possible futures. Our future might turn out to be different than his.

Are one and zero the same thing? They are so different. One is the good guy - always true, knows every answer, positive, can divide and multiply any number without hurting him. Zero is bad - he adds nothing, is never positive, rude, if he multiplies you - you are doomed. You will never be the same thing again. You will also become a zero. You will be rude, multiply more people, turn them into zeros, too. Like an infection, an epidemic. And if you divide by him, it’s a disaster. Nobody knows what will happen. This guy is crazy.

How different are one and zero? Can such different things exist in reality? Without any connection between them? One always remains one, zero always remains zero. They are completely separate. Two parallel lines who never meet.

But determinism leads to a contradiction. They interact with each other. They breed. They form new numbers who are represented by them. Some numbers are represented by ones, some by zeros. They are not constant, they are changing in time.

How many worlds there are? How many universes? Of course, one. By definition. Everything who exists is one. Everything who doesn’t exist is zero. No middle option, no compromise - it’s a yes/no answer - either you exist, or you don’t. Either you’re dead, or alive. Always.

Maybe real numbers don’t really exist? Maybe the number of universes is not a number? There are other numbers we have defined, like complex numbers and cardinal numbers. But I guess the real answer is much more complicated than that. I don’t think the number of universes can be defined by a complex number or cardinal number. I don’t think it can be defined at all.

We know it’s not constant. It changes in time. How many universes there were before the big bang? How many will be in the future? Our concept of numbers is not coherent with reality. It’s an approximation, a good one, that works well in our real world, where everything seems to be constant, nothing changes too much, a year is one year, a person is one person. Life seems to be so deterministic to us, so we invented determinism, and we are trying to apply it to everything that appears to exist.

But it doesn’t always work well. How many people there are on this planet? Is it more than a million? More than a billion? Is it a real number, is it an integer, is it a prime? Does it have a square root who is an integer or a prime?

Nobody knows. We only have approximations. Everything that comes in big numbers comes with approximations. We invented the floating points, since a google plus one is also a google. Nobody cares whether it is or is not a prime. It’s not a real number. It’s just a concept.

But if we get too far away from our ordinary life, we find evidence that there are no numbers. One plus one is not always two, one minus one is not always zero. A particle seems to have a life of its own. He cannot be defined by numbers. Sometimes he’s one, sometimes he’s two. Sometimes he’s zero. Can anybody count the number of particles in something as big as a human body? Can it be even defined? I don’t think so.

Our concept as separate entities, who are separate from each other and from the rest of the world, is an illusion. We are not always one. Sometimes we’re zero. We are not always dead or alive. It’s too complicated. The world itself is not always one. It can be infinite, it can be zero, it can be anything that cannot be defined by a number. It can’t be defined at all.

Did the world exist before I was born? I don’t remember. But some people do, and I believe them it did. There are books about history, about time from which all the people are dead now. We still believe they existed.

Can the world exist without me? Did it exist before I was born? Will it exist after I die? I guess it’s an unsolved problem, I will never find out. Maybe the whole world is just an illusion? Maybe it’s not? Maybe there is no yes/no answer. Every yes/no answer is just an approximation. There is always uncertainty, there is always a doubt.

But I want you to know, zero. I love you, you are not a bad guy. Without you there wouldn’t be any computers. You are not less important than one. You are two sides of the same coin, you are a duality. You are both equal. If you wouldn’t exist, neither would one.

Sometimes I think God doesn’t exist. Sometimes I think he does. Sometimes I think he’s good, sometimes bad. Sometimes zero, sometimes one.

Maybe God is both one and zero. Both of them and neither of them as well. Both dead and alive, exists and doesn’t exist, good and evil, hard and soft. He contradicts himself, he tells you “do something” and tells you “do not”. He didn’t mind when I said that he doesn’t exist, he is not angry, he was not offended. He knew what I will say, and he let me find out.

God is something like i, the complex number. Something completely imaginary, who doesn’t exist, looks at his negative image and turns out to be the ultimate formula: -i², the one. Even more complicated, but this is as far as our logic can get. Our logic is not consistent with reality, contradictions appear to exist as well.

Einstein said E=mc². I would like to add my own formula: one is equal to zero. 1=0. The ultimate paradox. They are both equal and not equal at the same time.

E=mc² created nuclear bombs, something completely new, completely destructive. I don’t know if 1=0 has any practical meaning, but if it does - I hope it’s not a destructive one. If it has any meaning, I hope it means more friendship and love.

1=0 defines a new logic, a nondeterministic logic, a logic in which anything can be defined. You can call it either illogical logic, or maybe true logic, or informal logic, or irrational logic, or confused logic, or nondeterministic logic, or fuzzy logic, or everything is possible logic, or whatever you prefer. I don’t mind. As long as the statement 1=0 doesn’t mean we are always wrong, it only means that sometimes we are.

One and zero are not always equal, they can be different most of the time. But once in a while they can merge and become one entity, 1=0, two entities who are equal to one. It’s like two people merging together, creating more people out of the blue. It’s not illogical, it’s just me and you.